Russia Iran Relations

Introduction

Relations between Russia and Iran have improved significantly over the past few decades. These two countries have come closer due to historical ties, common interests, and geopolitical challenges. This article will examine the relations between Russia and Iran and their political, economic, and military aspects. In which we will discuss their history and their current relationship according to our research. In which we will discuss their history and their current relationship according to our research. Past and present relations between Russia and Iran have been complicated for a long time, the two countries have a long history.

Historical Background

Early Relation Between Russians and The Persian Empire

Russians and Persians have a long history of contact, spanning more than a thousand years. Trade relations between Russia and Persia have been known since the 8th century AD Including oil and other necessities. Along with this, these two countries together stopped the invasion of the Mongols in the 13th century and the 14th century. Apart from this, the two countries have also met many times ، Russia in the early 9th and early 10th centuries A large-scale expedition of 500 barges to the Gorgon region, also in Iran, along with the Gilan and Maznarran regions, to plunder and take slaves and goods.

By the sixteenth century, a diplomatic relationship was formally established between Russia and Persia. It was during this period that the trade between Persia and England also did particularly . well, using the Russian route to escape Ottoman and Portuguese-controlled areas. It was founded in 1553 by the Muscovy Company to expand trade routes, also known as the Company of Russia. Because of this, Persian traders gained trade access to Kashan in the south In 1556, in the fatwas of Russia, Iran was on its side And relations between the two emerged as a result of opposition to the neighboring Ottoman Empire.

Diplomatic relations between Iran and Russia began formally in 1521 when the Safavid Shah Ismail I ruled and sent an ambassador to him. They aimed to join forces against their mutual enemy, the Ottoman Turks ۔ The two countries have enjoyed decades of peace in which the people of both countries have flourished through trade and migration. During this period, the common anti-Ottoman struggle served Iran and Russia as common political interests, and there were attempts at several points to conclude anti-Ottoman military agreements.

These relations were reduced after Hussain Shah’s death and then recovered substantially during the reign of Nadir Shah After that, the position of Russia in this region had become quite strong He simultaneously challenged the Ottomans and the Safavids. He occupied many areas of Iran for a long time. The atmosphere of political chaos in Iran continued for many years. After this chaos, Persia emerged as a new and powerful empire Which was under the shadow of a successful military leader Who forced all the Russians to give back all the territories and leave Iran according to the treaty The treaty contained a condition that the two countries would cooperate closely against their common enemy, the Ottoman Turks ۔ Nader Shah then accused the Russians of conspiracy and these relations could not be sustained for long.

After the death of Nadir Shah, relations between Iran and Russia were revived, especially in the 18th century Mirza Abul Hasan Khan Alchi, the first ambassador of Persia in the Qajar government, was sent to Russia, and with him the government established Iranian rule to stabilize the nation. After this, the weak and bankrupt state under Fateh Ali Shah faced infamy in the Russo-Persian War And we had to lose territory and the territory of current Azerbaijan.

A 19th-century treaty between Russia and Iran in which Russia portrayed Iran as a very backward and inferior Eastern country. In this period, Russia and the West had a different view of superiority because Iran was in the East For this reason, the Russians used to mock Iranian culture and look down on it And they insisted on their Christian beliefs and had a low opinion of the Iranians, and because of that they were making fun of them. After that, in 1907 Russia and Great Britain divided Iran into three different parts for their interests. Russia gained control over the northern region. And Britain gained control over the Persian Gulf. It will break in the Iran crisis of 1946

Cold War

Then the Cold War began, and at the beginning of this war, the United States quickly began to try to turn Iran into an ally against the Communist Party. During the Cold War, Iran was more inclined towards the West. After the Islamic revolution in 1979, Iran moderated its relations with him to a great extent. After the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as it was named, was the first state to recognize it, the Soviet Union recognized it in February, and during the Iraq-Iran War, it recognized Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. Supported After the Islamic Revolution, America and Iran were against each other Meanwhile, the United States had imposed arms embargoes on Iran and Russia had started supplying Iran with weapons via North Korea.

Necular Development

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, relations between Iran and Moscow suddenly grew stronger. In 1989, Iran and the Soviet Union signed an arms deal, and by 1990, Russia agreed to allow Iran to develop and work on a nuclear program. Also, There was a gap of about 20 years in this project. As time went by, the US and Iran grew closer, and the two countries became more and more united.

Military

Iran’s Air Force

Before the Islamic Revolution in Iran, most of Iran’s air fleet was entirely Western-built And the US has maintained sanctions on Iran because of the tension in the West, second-generation aircraft were added to Iran’s airspace In 2007, Iran was invited to join the organization, which is closely related to NATO.

Arms and Military Technology

Iran and Russia have expanded their military and economic ties over the years and have conducted joint military exercises that enhance cooperation and strengthen capabilities. And this is a clear message to the enemies of both countries in the region. Following the JCPOA, President Putin lifted the ban on the S-300_s from Iran in 2015 and gave it the same missile defense system. And that development was completed in 2016, followed by another $10 billion deal. In addition to the S-300, aircraft, helicopters, and other systems were included.

Syrian Conflict

In 2011, a civil war broke out in Syria On this, Russia and Iran became major allies of the Syrian government, providing arms and armed men to the Syrian government In 2021, Russia, Iran, and China jointly conducted joint exercises in the Gulf of Oman and the Gulf of Oman It happened in 2019. Russia, Iran, and China together have a common interest in reducing US influence in Central Asia and that is why Western countries are worried about it.

Trade

In 2006, Iran was formally offered the Shanghai Cooperation Organization And the Iranians gained its membership in 2021 Along with this, Russia and Iran have expanded their relations in many fields to stabilize their economy Among them the telecommunication agreement in 2008 and the agricultural agreement in 2009 And in July 2010, an energy sector agreement was signed between Iran and Russia ۔ Together with Qatar, these two countries formed the foundation of gas exporting countries His very Russian company is increasingly involved in the development of Iranian oil and gas projects۔ You must have seen progress in these projects in the last few years from Iran itself These two countries together can produce 15 million barrels of oil per day Due to this, they can keep their grip on the global market.

Russia had the seventh-largest trade with Iran in 2005, accounting for more than five percent of Iran’s total exports. From 2005 to 2008, the trade between the two countries has been increasing significantly, their trade included motorcycles, vehicles, fruits, vegetables, glass, textiles, plastics, handwoven carpets, chemicals, and other household items. The main reason for the increase in the relationship between Russia and Iran is the US sanctions on both countries, and this relationship improved in 2014. After Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, the United States and other Western countries imposed many sanctions on Russia. And both Russia and Iran were working together with him Then in 2022, an agreement was signed between the two countries which included the import of wheat oil and corn

Russia Iran Map

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